韩媒：“无可替代的力量”，尽管特朗普施压，ASML仍增加对华投资！

4月1日，韩国媒体《全球经济》发表文章称，全球最大的半导体曝光设备公司荷兰ASML不顾特朗普政府的压力，继续扩大对中国市场的投资。自特朗普政府上台以来，美国政府一直要求加强对中国的制裁，但半导体设备市场“超级巨头”ASML却表现出相反的做法，引发关注。

业界认为，此举是多种因素共同作用的结果，包括近期美国与欧洲之间出现裂痕的迹象、该公司在市场上的绝对地位以及对销售的影响。这也表明，如果拥有“绝对技术”，就不必理会美国的关税压力。

据业界消息，ASML在最新的年度报告中宣布，计划今年扩大位于中国北京的回收与维修中心的规模，加强维护和维修能力。ASML是一家垄断全球曝光设备市场的公司，没有该公司的设备就不可能制造超微工艺半导体产品。

美国政府此前已通过各种制裁措施阻止ASML的最新设备进入中国。

ASML的这一投资决定尤其值得关注，因为它是在美国政府施压控制对华半导体设备出口后立即做出的。彭博社报道称，“特朗普政府官员上个月会见了荷兰官员，讨论对ASML在中国的设备维护进行限制的问题”，并补充说，“美国要求ASML受到与应用材料公司和泛林集团等美国公司同等程度的对华限制。”

一位半导体专家表示：“由于美国和欧盟在关税和国防开支问题上陷入冲突，欧洲的反美情绪不断高涨，我怀疑这导致了ASML增加在中国的投资。如果ASML增加与中国的贸易，可能会对美国科技公司造成致命影响。”

目前，ASML仅正式向中国供应通用半导体制造设备。这是美国政府2022年10月对中国实施出口管制措施的影响。该措施禁止向中国半导体制造公司销售先进半导体设备。

因此，ASML在中国的销售额占比在2022年第一季度接近35%，但在第四季度下降至10%。

不过，去年ASML对华销售额占比再次超过40%。根据ASML去年的年报，ASML全年净销售额达283亿欧元。其中，在中国市场达102亿欧元。

韩国一位业内人士表示，“ASML之所以能够在美国政府的压力下增加在中国当地的投资以获取利润，是因为它拥有不可替代的技术能力。如果美国政府制裁ASML，损失将全部转嫁到美国大型科技公司身上。”

译文：

South Korean media: "An irreplaceable force". Despite Trump's pressure, ASML still increases investment in China!

On April 1, South Korean media "Global Economy" reported that the world's largest semiconductor lithography equipment company, ASML from the Netherlands, continued to expand its investment in the Chinese market despite pressure from the Trump administration. Since the Trump administration took office, the US government has been demanding stricter sanctions against China. However, ASML, the "super giant" of semiconductor equipment markets, took an opposite approach, drawing attention.

The industry believes that this move is the result of multiple factors, including signs of rifts between the United States and Europe, the company's dominant position in the market, and its impact on sales. This also indicates that if a company possesses "absolute technology", it does not have to bow to US tariff pressures.

According to industry sources, ASML announced in its latest annual report plans to expand the scale of its recycling and maintenance center in Beijing this year, enhancing maintenance and repair capabilities. ASML is a company that monopolizes the global lithography equipment market; without its equipment, it would be impossible to manufacture ultra-fine process semiconductor products.

The US government previously implemented various sanction measures to block ASML's latest equipment from entering China.

This investment decision by ASML is particularly noteworthy as it was made immediately after the US government pressured control over semiconductor equipment exports to China. Bloomberg reported that "Trump administration officials met with Dutch officials last month to discuss restrictions on ASML's equipment maintenance in China," adding that "the US required ASML to be subject to the same level of restrictions on China as Applied Materials and Lam Research, American companies." A semiconductor expert said, "Due to conflicts between the US and the EU over tariffs and defense spending, anti-American sentiment in Europe is rising. I suspect this has led ASML to increase investment in China. If ASML increases trade with China, it may have a fatal impact on US tech companies." Currently, ASML only officially supplies general semiconductor manufacturing equipment to China. This is the impact of the US export control measures implemented against China in October 2022. These measures prohibit the sale of advanced semiconductor equipment to Chinese semiconductor manufacturing companies. As a result, ASML's sales in China accounted for nearly 35% in the first quarter of 2022 but dropped to 10% in the fourth quarter. However, last year, ASML's sales in China accounted for more than 40% again. According to ASML's annual report last year, the company's total net sales reached 28.3 billion euros, of which 10.2 billion euros came from the Chinese market. A South Korean industry insider said, "ASML can increase local investment in China to gain profits under US government pressure because it possesses irreplaceable technological capabilities. If the US government sanctions ASML, all losses will be transferred to major US tech companies."

原文：https://www.toutiao.com/article/1828191253937216/

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