韩媒：在美开张的现代汽车最尖端工厂，在韩国却不可能落地

现代汽车集团在美国的第 3 家工厂 – 佐治亚州工厂于动工 2 年半后正式投产。这是一家在生产工艺中应用 AI「人工智能」和 IT 技术，投入工业机器人，大幅提升生产效率的最尖端工厂。工艺自动化率达到 40%，是其他现代汽车工厂平均值（10%）的 4 倍。这是现代汽车集团向单一工厂进行 80 亿美元规模的巨额投资，集中配备尖端设备与系统的成果。

目前，在产能约为 10 万辆的生产线上，投入的机器人（超过 950 台）数量比生产工人（约 880 人）还要多。但有数百台"机器人"取代劳动力，并不意味着工作岗位会减少。现代汽车在当地雇佣的员工数达 8,500 人。为实现生产过程数字化，编程等高级劳动需要人类负责。机器人被安排从事人们不愿从事的作业，或者难以保证质量均衡的作业，以此来提高生产效率。这里是呈现制造业未来景象的创新现场。

随着现代汽车、起亚汽车在美国接连开设工厂，以及公布大规模投资计划，现代汽车与起亚工会担忧韩国工会成员雇佣稳定性受到影响，高呼也应该对国内进行投资。然而在一个生产效率低下、铁饭碗工会为了涨薪习惯性罢工的国家，有哪家企业会投入数万亿韩元资金建设尖端工厂，努力创造就业岗位呢？除了 1996 年建成的牙山工厂，明年即将竣工的蔚山电动汽车专用工厂是现代汽车在韩国建设的唯一一家新工厂。

现代汽车集团已决定投资 8 万 5,000 亿韩元「约合人民币 420 亿元」在美国建设现代制铁工厂。在这种情况下，现代制铁工会还在举行罢工，要求现代制铁开出和现代汽车一样高的工资。因钢铁景气低迷，现代制铁仁川工厂面临 4 月被迫停产一个月的境遇。都这样了工会还在搞自残抗争要求加钱，不知是无知，还是愚蠢。就因为这样，韩国企业才会选择只在美国等海外国家投资建厂。

现代制铁工会质问道："有钱在美国投资钢铁厂，没钱发绩效吗?" 哪怕有一点点企业经营的常识，也说不出这种话。企业投资是通过发行企业债券、出售闲置资产等方式筹集资金，期待未来能够提高销售额、创造利润。而绩效需要企业当下盈利才有能力发放。有这样的工会存在，韩国竟然还有工厂能运转，才叫人惊讶。

来源：朝鲜日报

译文：

Hyundai Motor's most advanced factory in the U.S., which recently began production after two and a half years of construction, could not be established in South Korea.

The new plant in Georgia is the third Hyundai factory in the U.S. It applies AI and IT technologies in its manufacturing processes and uses industrial robots to significantly improve productivity. The automation rate reaches 40%, four times higher than the average (10%) of other Hyundai factories. This is a result of an $8 billion investment by Hyundai Motor Group, equipped with cutting-edge equipment and systems.

On the production line with a capacity of approximately 100,000 vehicles, the number of robots (over 950) exceeds the number of workers (about 880). However, replacing hundreds of jobs with robots does not mean job losses. Hyundai employs 8,500 people locally. Advanced labor like programming requires human expertise, while robots handle tasks people avoid or struggle with for quality consistency, improving efficiency. This is an innovative site showcasing the future of manufacturing.

As Hyundai and Kia continue to open factories and announce large-scale investment plans in the U.S., unions in Korea are concerned about employment stability and call for domestic investments. In a country where productivity is low and unions habitually strike for raises, why would any company invest trillions of won to build advanced factories and create jobs? Apart from the Asan factory completed in 1996, the only new factory Hyundai is building in Korea is the upcoming EV-specific factory in Ulsan.

Hyundai Motor Group has decided to invest ₩85 trillion ($42 billion USD) to construct a steelworks in the U.S. Amid this, the union at Hyundai Steel continues to strike, demanding wages equivalent to those of Hyundai Motors. Due to poor steel market conditions, Hyundai Steel’s Incheon plant faces the prospect of shutdown for a month in April. With such circumstances, it’s surprising that Korean factories still operate at all.

Hyundai Steel union questions, “If money can be spent on investing in a steel plant in the U.S., why not for bonuses?” Even basic business knowledge would prevent such comments. Corporate investments are funded through issuing bonds and selling idle assets, expecting future sales growth and profits. Bonuses depend on current profitability. With such unions, it’s amazing that any Korean factories remain operational.

Source: Chosun Ilbo

原文：https://www.toutiao.com/article/1828176853415936/

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